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The following opinion is presented on-line for informational use only and does not replace the official version. (Mich Dept of Attorney General Web Site - www.ag.state.mi.us)



STATE OF MICHIGAN

FRANK J. KELLEY, ATTORNEY GENERAL


Opinion No. 6395

October 20, 1986

CITIES:

Power of board of trustees established by city charter to invest in common stocks

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW:

Const 1963, art 9, Secs. 18 and 19--investment of city park and recreation funds in common stocks

MUNICIPALITIES:

Investment in common stocks by city board of trustees of gift for park purposes

A city board of trustees established by charter provision to manage a gift for city park and playground purposes is barred from investing moneys under its control in common stocks or other investments not authorized by MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1).

Honorable Mitch Irwin

State Senator

The Capitol

Lansing, MI 48909

You have requested my opinion concerning the investment powers of the Augusta Hursley Seal Board of Trustees (the "Board of Trustees"), a municipal trust established by the City of Sault Ste. Marie to administer a gift for city park purposes.

The Board of Trustees consists of the mayor of the City of Sault Ste. Marie and four residents nominated by the mayor. The Board of Trustees was created by an amendment to the Sault Ste. Marie Charter, Sec. 17.6, adding Sec. 17.6a(a)-(d), which was approved by the electors of the city on June 10, 1985. In addition to creating the Board of Trustees, section 17.6a creates a trust fund, lists the duties of the Board of Trustees and specifies that the trust fund is to be segregated from other city funds. Section 17.6a(a) created the Augusta Hursley Seal Trust "into which shall be placed all the assets bequeathed to the City by Augusta Hursley Seal in her Last Will and Testament." According to the declaration of trust (the "Declaration of Trust") for the Augusta Hursley Seal Trust Fund (the "Trust Fund"), the bequest to the city was as follows:

"The remaining seventy-five percent (75%) [of my estate] ... to the City of Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan, for the exclusive purpose of the expansion of its present recreation system, playgrounds, and parks, or the acquisition of new recreation sites as the City shall determine in its sole discretion, for the use and benefit of the people of Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan. I request, but not as a condition of this bequest, the City of Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan, erect a suitable marker in one of the recreation areas where the funds are expended acknowledging that the work has been accomplished through the gift of Augusta Hursley Seal...."

No conditions or directions regarding investments were specified in the Augusta Hursley Seal bequest to the City of Sault Ste. Marie.

MCL 123.871; MSA 5.3421, authorizes cities to accept gifts for public purposes, such as the Augusta Hursley Seal bequest:

"Any city ... may receive, own, and enjoy any gift of real or personal property, made by grant, devise, bequest, or in any other manner, for economic and community development purposes ... or for public parks, grounds, cemeteries, public buildings, or other public purposes, whether made directly or in trust, subject to the conditions, limitations, and requirements provided in the grant, devise, bequest, or other instrument."

Sault Ste. Marie Charter, Sec. 17.6a(c), lists the duties of the Board of Trustees, providing that the Board of Trustees:

"shall, according to the terms of a Declaration of Trust of the City Commission, solely control the Trust principal which it shall not allow to be diminished; control the distribution of the Trust income; to determine how the Trust funds will be invested; and direct the City Treasurer in the deposit, withdrawal, investment and disbursement of the Trust monies and to exercise all other duties of a fiduciary of the Trust in compliance with a Declaration of Trust and applicable laws."

Sault Ste. Marie Charter, Sec. 17.6a(d), requires that the Trust Fund shall be segregated from other city funds:

"[T]he Trust Fund shall not be a part of any other City funds except to the extent the Board of Trustees disburse Trust income to the City for purposes consistent with the terms of the Declaration of Trust and the City Commission shall not have control of the Trust."

Your question may be stated as follows:

Where a trust fund established by a city to preserve the principal of a substantial bequest to the city for expansion of its park and playground system has a board of trustees to manage the trust fund, are the investment powers of the board of trustees limited to those authorized for municipalities and their boards by MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1), or is the board of trustees also authorized by MCL 555.201; MSA 26.85, to invest in common stocks and other investments not authorized by MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1), but included in the instrument establishing the trust fund?

The Declaration of Trust, Sec. 5.1, sets forth the investment powers of the Board of Trustees, as follows:

"Powers of Trustees. In the administration of this Trust, the Trustees shall have the following powers, in addition to and not in limitation of the Trustee's common law and statutory powers, subject to any limitations which may be imposed by the laws of the State of Michigan and by the City Charter of the City of Sault Ste. Marie, such powers to be exercised in a fiduciary capacity in accordance with the general standards of trust administration imposed upon trustees:

....

"(b) To direct investment and reinvestment of the trust property as follows:

(i) Until such time as the Beneficiary [the city] and/or the Trustees receive an Opinion of the Attorney General of the State of Michigan approving the investment and reinvestment guidelines set forth in subsection (b)(ii) below, the Trustees shall invest and reinvest all of the trust property in accordance with the provisions of section 129.91, of Mich.Comp.Laws Ann., P.A. 1943, No. 20, as may be amended from time to time.

(ii) If approved by an Opinion of the Attorney General of the State of Michigan, the Trustees shall invest and reinvest the trust property as follows:

(1) Seventy (70%) percent of the trust property shall be invested in accordance with the provisions of section 129.91, of Mich.Comp.Laws Ann., P.A. 1943, No. 20, as may be amended from time to time, or in corporate bonds having the highest rating given by Standard and Poors Corporation, in such amounts as determined by the Trustees in their sole discretion.

(2) Thirty (30%) percent of the trust property shall be invested by the Trustees in any property or investments, including but not limited to common stocks, preferred stocks, real estate, mortgages and mortgage participations, in compliance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations."

The Declaration of Trust, Sec. 5.1(b)(i), quoted above, limits the Board of Trustees to investments authorized by MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1), until such time as the city or the Board of Trustees receives an opinion from the Attorney General approving the broader set of investments set forth in section 5.1(b)(ii), including corporate bonds, stocks, real estate, mortgages and mortgage participations.

MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1), provides for investment by cities and their boards of surplus funds belonging to them or under their control, as follows:

"(1) The legislative or governing body of a county, city, village, township, or special assessment district, or an agency, board, or commission of a county, city, village or township, by resolution, may authorize its treasurer or other chief fiscal officer to invest surplus funds belonging to and under the control of the political subdivision, special assessment district, or agency, board, or commission of a county as follows:

(a) In bonds and other direct obligations of the United States or an agency or instrumentality of the United States.

(b) In certificates of deposit, savings accounts, deposit accounts, or depository receipts of a bank which is a member of the federal deposit insurance corporation or a savings and loan association which is a member of the federal savings and loan insurance corporation or a credit union which is insured by the national credit union administration, but only if the bank, savings and loan association, or credit union complies with subsection (2).

(c) In commercial paper rated at the time of purchase within the 3 highest classifications established by not less than 2 standard rating services and which matures not more than 270 days after the date of purchase. Not more than 50% of any fund may be invested in commercial paper at any time.

(d) In United States government or federal agency obligation repurchase agreements.

(e) In bankers' acceptances of United States banks.

(f) In mutual funds composed of investment vehicles which are legal for direct investment by local units of government in Michigan.

"(2) A county, city, village, township, or special assessment district investing funds under subsection (1) shall not deposit or invest the funds in a bank, savings and loan association, or credit union which is not eligible to be a depository of surplus funds belonging to the state under section 5 or 6 of Act No. 105 of the Public Acts of 1855, as amended, being sections 21.145 and 21.146 of the Michigan Compiled Laws." (Emphasis added.)

MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1), applies to the Trust Fund because its assets belong to and are under the control of the city and its board, the Board of Trustees. This conclusion is supported by the following:

(1) The bequest from Augusta Hursley Seal was made "to the City of Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan ... for the use and benefit of the people of Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan."

(2) The Sault Ste. Marie Charter, Sec. 17.6a(d), recognizes the Trust Fund as a city fund when it states that "the Trust Fund shall not be a part of any other City funds." (Emphasis added.)

(3) The Declaration of Trust, in the fifth WHEREAS clause, states that the bequest is "to be held by the City In Trust for accomplishment of the public purposes" stated in the Last Will and Testament of Augusta Hursley Seal. (Emphasis added.)

(4) The city is the settlor and beneficiary of the Trust (Declaration of Trust, Sec. 1.2), and the city may revoke the Declaration of Trust and receive the assets of the Trust Fund upon approval by the city commission and the city electors in the manner required for amendments of the city charter (Declaration of Trust, Secs. 2.1 and 2.2).

Your question, however, asks whether the general statute on investment of trust funds (MCL 555.201; MSA 26.85) broadens the powers of the Board of Trustees to make investments in common stock, corporate bonds, and mortgages which are provided for in the Declaration of Trust, Sec. 5.1(b)(ii), but not authorized for cities and their boards under MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1). MCL 555.201; MSA 26.85, provides for the investment of trust funds, as follows:

"Trust funds received by any person or corporation acting in a trust or fiduciary capacity and available for investment shall be invested at the time and in the manner specified in and by the agreement, instrument, or order creating or defining the trust or other holding. In the absence of investment specifications or limtitations in the agreement, instrument, or order, trust property or funds shall within a reasonable time be invested in [authorized investments listed, including common stocks, bonds and mortgages]...."

Cities are prohibited from investing in common stock by Const 1963, art 9, Sec. 19, which, while directed at the state, has been understood to apply to municipalities as well.

"The state shall not subscribe to, nor be interested in the stock of any company, association or corporation, except that funds accumulated to provide retirement or pension benefits for public officials and employees may be invested as provided by law; and endowment funds created for charitable or educational purposes may be invested as provided by law governing the investment of funds held in trust by trustees and other state funds or money may be invested in accounts of a bank, savings and loan association, or credit union organized under the laws of this state or federal law, as provided by law."

OAG, 1977-1978, No 5308, p 458, 459 (May 31, 1978), after a review of Const 1963, art 9, Secs. 18 and 19, discussed the investment powers of cities concerning mutual funds and stated:

"Reading these two sections together, the intent of the people is clear. A city may invest surplus funds until needed for current requirements only as provided by law. Moreover, a city may not subscribe to nor be interested in the stock of any company with the sole exception that funds accumulated to provide retirement and pension benefits for public officials and employees of the city may be invested as provided by law."

The bequest in this case simply directed that the city spend the bequest on the expansion of the city's present recreation system, parks and playgrounds. The city's establishment of a trust fund (after the bequest was received) does not qualify the funds to be invested under the general trust laws; otherwise the city would be accomplishing indirectly that which it is prohibited from doing directly. See Attorney General, ex rel Eaves v State Bridge Comm'n, 277 Mich 373, 383; 269 NW 388 (1936). A "city" is not a "person" or "corporation" within the purview of MCL 555.201; MSA 26.85. Any construction of this statute bringing a city within its terms would be contrary to Const 1963, art 9, Sec. 19, prohibiting investments in common stock.

It is my opinion, therefore, that where a trust fund established by a city to preserve the principal of a bequest to the city for expansion of its park and playground system has a board of trustees established by city charter provision to manage the trust fund, the investment powers of the board of trustees are limited to those authorized for municipalities and their boards by MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1), and that the board of trustees is prohibited by Const 1963, art 9, Secs. 18 and 19, from investing in common stocks and other investments not authorized by MCL 129.91; MSA 3.843(1), notwithstanding the authorization of such broader investment powers by the city charter provision establishing the trust fund.

Frank J. Kelley

Attorney General


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